Robust and Efficient Data Dissemination for Data-Centric Storage

Project Overview

Sensornets will provide detailed measurements at fine spatial granularities over large geographic areas. This unprecedented wealth of data will open a new window on the physical world, enabling scientists to monitor, measure, and, hopefully, understand a range of natural phenomena such as ecosystems, microclimates, building dynamics, and seismic events. However, this understanding will only be realized if scientists can easily and flexibly access sensornet data; providing such access is a formidable challenge because the measured data are distributed across the entire sensornet and communication between sensornet nodes requires substantial expenditures of scarce energy. Thus, reaping the tremendous opportunities afforded by sensornets will require energy-efficient data dissemination algorithms.

Since the nature of the data is more important than the identity of the node that gathers them, data-centric abstractions are now seen as a fundamental aspect of sensornet design. The first work in this area focused on data-centric routing methods such as directed diffusion and TAG. These techniques, while extremely efficient at conveying data to the desired location, require flooding the initial query to the entire sensornet. To reduce query cost, an alternative approach to data dissemination, called data-centric storage, has been proposed. Data-centric storage methods do not require flooding of queries, but incur additional costs while initially storing the data. Data-centric routing and data-centric storage provide complementary functions, and their union would give sensornets a broad range of energy-efficient functionality. However, these approaches differ in one crucial respect: data-centric routing requires little of the underlying routing system, while data-centric storage makes exacting demands on its routing infrastructure. In particular, data-centric storage is predicated on a robust and efficient routing primitive that allows storing data by name at a node in the sensornet.

Our project seeks to investigate the design and development of geographic hash tables (GHTs), a routing primitive for data-centric storage. GHTs bring together two technologies, distributed hash tables (DHTs) and geographic ad-hoc routing, that were developed in two completely unrelated contexts, peer-to-peer systems and ad hoc wireless networks. Each technology has been extensively explored in its respective domain, but the combination of these technologies in the new, and more challenging, context of sensor networks raises many new design challenges. Moreover, GHT, and its underlying routing algorithm GPSR, have not been tested in real-world conditions. The proposed work falls into two categories:

Faculty

Students and Staff

Talks and Publications

Young-Jin Kim, Ramesh Govindan, Brad Karp, Scott Shenker, Geographic Routing Made Practical, In: Proceedings of the USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation, USENIX, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, May 2005. [PDF]

Fang Bian, Xin Li, Ramesh Govindan, Scott Shenker, Using Hierarchical Location Names for Scalable Routing and Rendezvous in Wireless Sensor Networks, In: International Journal of Ad Hoc and Ubiquitous Computing, special issue on wireless sensor networks, 2005.

Ramakrishna Gummadi, Nupur Kothari, Young-Jin Kim, Ramesh Govindan, Brad Karp, Scott Shenker, Reduced State Routing in the Internet, In: Proceedings of Hotnets-III, 2004. [PDF]

Software

GPSR software for the Mica motes. GPSR software for the Linux PDAs.

Acknowledgement

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0330178. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recomendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation (NSF).